Bacteriophages are a specific type of virus that can infect bacteria and archaea and replicate into bacteria and archaea but cannot infect eukaryotes. These virus particles are made of genetic material, DNA or RNA, and are packaged in simple or complex protein structures called capsids. Phage display is an effective technique that involves the expression of peptides or proteins fused to the coat protein on the surface of the phage. This technology has been used in a variety of applications in biotechnology, such as directed evolution, identification of ligand binding sites, selection of monoclonal antibodies, protein-based drug discovery, and the development of vaccines. This technology has been used for the development of vaccines in two main strategies: (i) to produce vectors displaying antigens and (ii) to identify new protective antigens. The use of phage vectors as antigen display agents is focused on both, the development and production stages of a vaccine. On the other hand, phage display can be employed in the early stages of the vaccine design process for the identification of novel antigens through the use of genetic engineering to generate random proteins and peptides aimed to interact specifically with a target, allowing the selection of the best binding antigen.
Fig 1. Immunological mechanism of phage-based vaccines (González-Mora A, 2020)
At Creative Biolabs, our scientists provide phage display vaccines services, our services are listed as follows, but are not limited to:
Phage display vaccines rely on the successful expression of antigens fused with phage surface proteins to produce virus particles with specific immunogenic activity.
Phage display has proven to be an effective, inexpensive and rapid technique for identifying immunogenic proteins and peptides, which can be used to develop new and more effective vaccines.
Our professional scientists have extensive experience in phage display technology. Phage display vaccines have been used to prevent or treat a variety of diseases, including cancer, viruses, parasites and fungal infections. The types of display systems we used in the vaccine development process are filamentous phage (M13, fd, and f1), lytic phage (T4 and T7), and mild phage lambda (λ)
Due to its inherent viral particle characteristics, filamentous bacteriophages are considered to be vaccine vectors with high immunogenic potential. Filamentous bacteriophages are a group of non-lytic viruses. Due to the non-lytic nature of filamentous bacteriophages, these particles can be obtained at high titers and bacterial contamination is reduced, making their purification easier and cheaper.
Lytic phage T4 and T7 have also been used for phage display in vaccine applications. The capsid proteins of bacteriophage T4, Hoc, and Soc can be used to display larger proteins at high copy numbers more efficiently than filamentous bacteriophages.
Lambda phage has also been proposed as an antigen display platform. According to reports, lambda phage can display correctly folded antigen peptides and fusion proteins 2-3 times larger than filamentous phage, providing a reasonable alternative for complex antigen display.
Creative Biolabs can meet the needs of customers by providing vaccine development services on time and on budget. We have in-depth knowledge and experience of the tools and processes involved in the phage projects. Our skilled and dedicated scientific researchers ensure that the most suitable methods and techniques are selected for your project. If necessary, please feel free to contact us.
Please kindly note that our services can only be used to support research purposes (Not for clinical use).
Creative Biolabs is a globally recognized phage company. Creative Biolabs is committed to providing researchers with the most reliable service and the most competitive price.
