Phage S13 Production

Phage S13 is a small phage that is active against Escherichia coli and is one of a series of highly virulent phages originally isolated from Salmonella typhimurium. It is a member of the Microviridae family. The nucleotide sequence and genome structure of phage S13 DNA were determined again in 1985 and 2000. Phages have a small circular single-stranded DNA that replicates by double-stranded replicating forms of DNA. It has been shown to be closely related to phage ΦX174. The genomes of these two phages are 5386 bp long and differ at approximately 111 nucleotides. G4 is also regarded as an S13-like phage with a genome that is 191 nucleotides longer than the S13 genome. Their genomes encode 11 proteins, including A, A*, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, and K. Among these proteins, A, A*, B, C and D are involved in phage DNA replication and assembly, F, G, H and J are phage structural proteins, E is a lytic protein, and K may be beneficial for phage growth¹.

Fig 1. Genomic structures of synthetic bacteriophages. (Liu Y, et al. 2012)

Our Services

We provide services for the chemical synthesis of S13-like phages and mutants, as well as for their biological characterization services. Synthetic phages can serve as tools to better understand the commonality of related phage genes and the theory of horizontal evolution. Our services are listed as follows, but are not limited to:

Wild type phage S13 production
Phage S13 variants production
Chemical synthesis of the genomes of phage S13 and its variants
Assessment of phage lysis efficiency
Effects of temperature, pH and ultraviolet radiation
Adsorption rates assay
Phage Purification

PEG precipitation
CsCl gradient centrifugation
Purification using ultrafiltration
Purification using centrifugation

S13 Phage Production Highlights

Short duration, reduced risk of genetic instability and feasible scale-up
Phage growth to high titers
Avoid phage cross-contamination
The highest number of phages in a single fermentation
A project tailored to suit your needs
Independent quality department to ensure compliance
Transparent processes and weekly project progress reports

Development of S13 Phage Manufacturing Processes

Creative Biolabs' process development platform begins with the preparation of phage display libraries at the research level. It is then used for all laboratory-scale upstream and downstream development work.
Creative Biolabs conducts small-scale development to ensure the process is robust, repeatable and scalable. Key process parameters are defined in these activities, which can be successfully scaled to 10L, 20L or 50L scale.
Initial process development work also included small-scale formulation studies combined with production stability studies.

Creative Biolabs can meet the needs of customers by providing phage S13-like phages and mutants production services on time and on budget. We have in-depth knowledge and experience of the tools and processes involved in the phage projects. Our skilled and dedicated scientific researchers ensure that the most suitable methods and techniques are selected for your project. If necessary, please feel free to contact us.

Reference

Liu Y, Han Y, Huang W, et al. Whole-genome synthesis and characterization of viable S13-like bacteriophages[J]. PloS one, 2012, 7(7): e41124.

Please kindly note that our services can only be used to support research purposes (Not for clinical use).